Administering NMT to Reestablish Infant Nasal Microbiome Diversity Following Intranasal Mupirocin Treatment

Child

Inclusion criteria

• Child has had a prior nasal surveillance culture grow S. aurues
• Child is \<18 years of age
• Child completed treatment with intranasal mupirocin for S. aureus nasal colonization as part of routine clinical care two or more days before the planned transplant
• Child has anticipated hospital length of stay >3 days after completing intranasal mupirocin treatment
• Infant >25 weeks gestation unless >2 months chronological age

Exclusion criteria

• Child is a ward of the State
• Child with a diagnosis of immunodeficiency or antenatal suspicion for immunodeficiency (e.g., sibling with known immunodeficiency, genetic syndrome with known associated immunodeficiency)
• Child cannot have nasal swabs collected (due to anatomic or other clinical intervention, including nasal packing)

Donor

Inclusion criteria

• Donor is able to provide informed consent
• Donor has a relationship with the child outside of the hospital setting (i.e., not an ICU caregiver)

Exclusion criteria

• Donor had positive COVID-19 test in prior 21 days
• Donor with signs or symptoms of respiratory illness (e.g. runny nose, congestion, fever, cough)
• Donor has been in close contact with someone in the last 7 days who had a respiratory viral infection (e.g., cold, flu)
• Donor tests positive on baseline screening test for S. aureus nasal colonization.
• Donor tests positive on baseline screening test for a respiratory pathogen.
• Donor is not able to provide written informed consent
• Donor is not able to be present at the bedside at the time of intervention.
• Donor has history of chronic sinusitis, cystic fibrosis, or an infection with a multi-drug resistant organism.
• Inability or unwillingness to complete the Donor questionnaire or a positive response to any question on the Donor questionnaire.
• Donor has smoked within the last month