Adverse Adolescent Pathways to Substance Use

Inclusion Criteria

• Male or female
• 12-14 years old,
• Report symptoms of anxiety
• Understand and sign an assent, and parents will sign a permission and a consent document in English
• Meets study hearing and vision requirements
• Substance use naïve

Exclusion Criteria

• Has any foreign metal objects or implants as determined by the safety questionnaires (e.g., bone screws, shunts or body piercing that can't be removed, etc.)
• Has been diagnosed with psychosis or a severe emotional disturbance.
• Has used alcohol, tobacco, or marijuana more than 3 times.
• Is pregnant. Girls who self-report pregnancy may not participate in the stress evaluation or the MRI scan.
• Is taking any medications that directly alter cardiovascular function (e.g., propranolol or other beta blockers).
• Any current or lifetime treatment with antipsychotic medication.
• Has had a head injury that resulted in a loss of consciousness for more than 5 minutes.
• Is planning to get non-removable metal braces.
• Impaired intellectual functioning (full-scale intelligence quotient \<70).
• Past or current history of a clinically significant central nervous system that could confound brain imaging evaluations.